This means that it can be done with just one element and its two pseudos. The next thing to notice about the sprite is that it has three components: So we could take this 29 to be either 28 or 30, whichever suits us best. 29 is pretty close to both 28, which is a multiple of 4 as 4 * 7 = 28, and 30, which is a multiple of 5 ( 5 * 6 = 30). Oh, well… that’s what approximations are good for. That’s when it starts looking ugly to me because it’s a big prime number, I can’t divide it by small pretty numbers like 2, 4, or 5 and get an integer. It has 29 frames, a number I have no problem with, until it comes to computations. Now let’s see how I did it! Looking at the original sprite Original twitter heart sprite. The result: Recording of the resulting animation I also decided I’d do it without JavaScript because this is a perfect candidate for the checkbox hack, which allows you to make simple on/off toggles through form elements and clever CSS. Surely it could be done without images, right? I later learned that this is how Twitter does it. In this case, I was surprised to see the demo was using an image sprite. If I happen to have a bit of time, I always look through the code of demos that catch my attention to see if there’s something in there that I could use or improve. I recently saw a recreation of the Twitter heart animation among the picks on CodePen. Pericardial effusions: Causes, diagnosis, and management. Pericardiocentesis in cardio tamponade: Indications and practical aspects. Update on bedside ultrasound diagnosis of pericardial effusion. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. When people do not have cardiac tamponade, doctors do not usually use pericardiocentesis to diagnose fluid around heart spaces unless the medical team is concerned about bacterial infection. Researchers report that although the procedure is risky, it can be a potentially lifesaving technique for people with cardiac tamponade. The consistency of the fluid, which could be either watery or high in protein, helps doctors determine what is causing the fluid buildup and how best to treat it. Sometimes, it is necessary to leave a drain in the pericardial space to remove all the fluid from the sac. This procedure involves using a needle to remove a sample of the fluid around the heart for analysis. Pericardiocentesis is another important tool that doctors use to determine what causes pericardial effusion. This test can also show doctors the amount and location of the fluid. When a doctor suspects that a person has this condition, researchers recommend that they use an echocardiogram as their first diagnostic tool. Medical imaging is an effective way to determine whether someone has fluid around the heart. analyzing fluid samples from the pericardium.If the individual has multiple symptoms and a lot of fluid, doctors are more likely to use drainage techniques.Īccurately diagnosing the cause of a fluid buildup around an individual’s heart involves the following steps: As it is potentially life threatening, it is important to take these symptoms very seriously:ĭoctors tend to opt for conservative treatment of pericardial effusion when the affected individual does not have any symptoms and the amount of fluid is small. This condition is called cardiac tamponade. When fluid builds up rapidly in the pericardium, it puts so much pressure on the heart that this organ cannot do its job properly. chest pain that gets worse when people lie flat.However, when fluid does build up, it puts pressure on nearby organs and parts of the body, including the lungs, stomach, nerves, and heart. Whether or not a person presents with symptoms often depends on how rapidly the fluid accumulates, rather than on the amount of fluid.įluid around heart spaces does not always cause symptoms, especially in the early stages, because the pericardium can stretch. The pericardial sac typically contains 10–50 milliliters of fluid, but when pericardial effusion develops, the fluid quantity can increase and cause a variety of reactions throughout the body.
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